Goutman JD, Glowatzki E (2007) Time course and calcium dependence of transmitter release at a single ribbon synapse. Glowatzki E, Fuchs PA (2002) Transmitter release at the hair cell ribbon synapse. Nouvian R, Beutner D, Parsons TD, Moser T (2006) Structure and function of the hair cell ribbon synapse. Pfeiffer RR, Kim DO (1975) Cochlear nerve fiber responses: distribution along the cochlear partition. Johnson DH (1980) The relationship between spike rate and synchrony in responses of auditory-nerve fibers to single tones. New York, Berlin, Hiedelberg, Springer-Verlag, pp 34–93 For instance, auditory nerve fiber responses already. At the same time, different processes of neuronal adaptation occur at several levels to further process the auditory information. In: Popper AN, Fay, RR (eds) The mammmalian auditory pathway: neuroanatomy. The early stages of the auditory system need to preserve the timing information of sounds in order to extract the basic features of acoustic stimuli. Ruggero MA (1992) Physiology and coding of sound in the auditory nerve. The sound of speech is carried through the brain by nerve fibres in regions known as the auditory pathway, and are processed in a region called the language network. Ear Hear 27:589–607ĭelano PH, Elgueda D, Hamame CM, Robles L (2007) Selective attention to visual stimuli reduces cochlear sensitivity in chinchillas.

Guinan JJ (2006) Olivocochlear efferents: anatomy, physiology, function, and the measurement of efferent effects in humans. The vibration from your eardrum sets your ear bones (malleus, incus, stapes) into motion. New York, Berlin, Hiedelberg, Springer-Verlag, pp 23–65 This complex, precise job starts and end with the following steps: The pinna of your ear collects sound waves and funnels them through your ear canal to your eardrum. In: Webster DB, Popper AN, Fay RR (eds) The mammmalian auditory pathway: neuroanatomy. Ryugo DK (1992) The auditory nerve: peripheral innervation, cell body morphology, and central projections. In the auditory (hearing) system, as in other parts of the nervous system, neurotransmitters are chemicals that cross a synapse and mediate nerve impulse transmission from one neuron to the next neuron, or from sensory cells (hair cells in the cochlea of the inner ear) to neurons, or from neurons to effector cells (in this case, the.

Auditory nerve pathway